http://www.alealamy.net/ ���� ������� ������� http://www.alealamy.net/news-70189.htm 2015-07-29 ÍíäãÇ íÐßÑ ÇÓã Øå ÍÓíä¡ ÝÃäÊ ÃãÇã ÍÞíÞÉ ÊãËá ÃæÈÑÇ ËÞÇÝíÉ ãÊäæÚÉ æãÞåì ÍßÇÆí íÚÏ ÑÇÝÏÇð áßá ÇáÃÏÈÇÁ æÇáãÝßÑíä ÇáÐíä ÌÇÁæÇ ãä ÈÚÏå

<p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">ÍíäãÇ íÐßÑ ÇÓã Øå ÍÓíä¡ ÝÃäÊ ÃãÇã ÍÞíÞÉ ÊãËá ÃæÈÑÇ ËÞÇÝíÉ ãÊäæÚÉ æãÞåì ÍßÇÆí íÚÏ ÑÇÝÏÇð áßá ÇáÃÏÈÇÁ æÇáãÝßÑíä ÇáÐíä ÌÇÁæÇ ãä ÈÚÏå¡&nbsp; æãä ÇáÕÚÈ ãÍÇæáÉ ÊÕäíÝå ÃÏÈ æÝßÑ ÇáÚãíÏ ÇáÏßÊæÑ Øå ÍÓíä æÝÞ åæÓ æåæì ÇáäÞÇÏ ÈÍãì ÇáÊÕäíÝ æÞæáÈÉ ÇáÅÈÏÇÚ¡ ÝÃäÊ ÃãÇã ÚÇáã ãÒÏÍã ÈÛíÑ ãáá Ãæ ÕÎÈ ÍßÇÆí ÈÇáÃÍÏÇË æÇáæÞÇÆÚ ÇáÌÏáíÉ¡ åÐå ÇáÃÍÏÇË æÅä ÈÏÊ ÈÓíØÉ Ýí ÈÚÖ ÇáÃÍÇííä ÅáÇ Ãä ßá ÍÏË ãäåÇ íÝÌÑ ØÇÞÇÊ ãä ÇáÃÓÆáÉ ÇáãËíÑÉ ÇáÊí ÊÓÊÏÚí ÇáÊÝßíÑ æáÇ ÊÌÚá ÇáÚÞá ÈãÃãä Úä ÇáÊÃæíá æÇáÊÝÓíÑ. ÍÞÇð ãÌãæÚÉ ÖÎãÉ ãä ÇáÃÚãÇá ÇáÝßÑíÉ æÇáÃÏÈíÉ æÍíÇÉ ÅäÓÇäíÉ æÇÌÊãÇÚíÉ ÊãËá ãÛÇÑÉ ãä ÇáÃÓÆáÉ ÇáÊí íÕÚÈ ÊÕäíÝ ßÇÊÈåÇ ÊÍÊ ãÙáÉ ÞÇÕÑÉ ãÇäÚÉ.</strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span id="more-56517" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"></span></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">áÐÇ ÝØå ÍÓíä åæ ÈÍÞ ãÒÇÑ ÓíÇÍí íÓÊÞØÈ ÇáãÚÇÑÖíä ÞÈá ÇáãÄíÏíä æåæ ãÄÓÓÉ ÔÚÈíÉ ÃÏÈíÉ ÊäÕÑ ÈÏÇÎáåÇ ßÇÝÉ ÇáÊíÇÑÇÊ ÇáÃÏÈíÉ ÈÛíÑ ÇäÍäÇÁ Ãæ ãÍÇæáÉ ÇäåÒÇã ÏÇÎáíÉ. æÅÐÇ ßÇäÊ ßÊÇÈÇÊ æÃÚãÇá ÚãíÏ ÇáÃÏÈ ÇáÚÑÈí ÇáÏßÊæÑ Øå ÍÓíä ÞÏ ÍÞÞÊ æáÇ ÊÒÇá ÇáÔåÑÉ æÇáÕíÊ æÈáæÛ ÇáãÃÑÈ ãä ÍíË ÌæÏÊåÇ æÑÕÇäÊåÇ æÅËÇÑÊåÇ áÃÓÆáÉ ÓÇÈÑÉ ÊÛæÕ Ýí ÇáãÌÊãÚ¡ ÝÅä ÚãíÏ ÇáÃÏÈ ÇáÚÑÈí äÝÓå íÔÈå ÇáÍßÇíÉ¡ Èá ÞáãÇ äÌÏ ÃÏíÈÇð æãÝßÑÇ ÕÇÑ ÇáÇåÊãÇã ÈÔÎÕå ãËá ÇáæÚí ÈÃÚãÇáå æåÐÇ ÊÍÞÞ ÈÇáÝÚá áØå ÍÓíä ßãÇ ÊÍÞÞ áßÊÇÈ ÂÎÑíä ãËá äÌíÈ ãÍÝæÙ¡ æÇáÚÞÇÏ¡ æÊæÝíÞ ÇáÍßíã¡ æíæÓÝ ÅÏÑíÓ.</strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">Øóå ÍÓíä.. ãöä ÚÒÈÉ Çáßíáæ Åáì ÇáÞÇåÑÉ ÇáãÍÑæÓÉ:</strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">Øå ÍÓíä ÇÈä ÇáãäíÇ &nbsp;ÊÍÏíÏÇð ÚÒÈÉ Çáßíáæ ÇáÊí ÊÞÚ Úáì ÈÚÏ ßíáæ ãÊÑ æÇÍÏ ãä ãÑßÒ ãÛÇÛÉ ÈãÍÇÝÙÉ ÇáãäíÇ¡ æÇáÊí æáÏ Ýíå Ýí ÇáÑÇÈÚ ÚÔÑ ãä äæÝãÈÑ ÚÇã 1889¡ áÃÈ åæ ÇáÔíÎ ÍÓíä Úáí ÓáÇãÉ ÇáãæÙÝ ÈÔÑßÉ ÇáÓßÑ¡ æÞÏ ÃÕíÈ Øå ÍÓíä Ýí ÍæÇáí ÇáÓÇÏÓÉ ãä ÚãÑå ÊÞÑíÈÇ ÈãÑÖ ÇáÑãÏ¡ Ýáã íåÊã Ãåáå ÈÚáÇÌå Ýí ÈÇÏÆ ÇáÃãÑ¡ Ëã ÚæáÌ ÚáÇÌÇð ÈÏÇÆíÇð ÐåÈ ÈÚíäíå. æßÇäÊ ÚÇÏÉ Ãåá ÇáÑíÝ ÂäÐÇß ÅáÍÇÞ ÃÈäÇÆåã ÈÇáßÊÇÊíÈ¡ æÝí ßÊÇÈå ÇáãÇÊÚ ÇáÑÇÆÚ ÇáÃíÇã íÍßí æíÑæí Øå ÍÓíä ÍßÇíÇÊå ÇáãËíÑÉ Ýí ÚÇáãå ÇáËÞÇÝí ÇáÕÛíÑ ÇáÃæá æåæ ÇáßÊÇÈ æÇáÊí ßËíÑÇ ãÇ Êã ÊæÕíÝåÇ ÈÞÏÑ ßÈíÑ ãä ÇáÏåÔÉ æÇáãÈÇáÛÉ æÃÍíÇäÇ ÇáÓÎÑíÉ Ýåæ ÇáËÇÆÑ ÇáÐí áÇ íåÏá æÇáÕÈí ÇáÐí ßÝ ÈÕÑå áßä ÇäÝÊÍ ÚÞáå ãäÐ ÇáÕÛÑ ÈÇáäÞÏ æÇáÊÃæíá æÇáãÚÇÑÖÉ.&nbsp;</strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">æáÇÔß Ãä ÈÏÇíÇÊ ÇáÞÑíÉ ÞÏ ÃËÑÊ ÈÔßá ßÈíÑ Ýí ÚÇáã Øå ÍÓíä ÝíãÇ ÈÚÏ¡ ÝáÞÏ Ñæì Ýí ßÊÇÈå ÇáÃíÇã ÇáÐí íÚÏ ãä ÏÑÑ ÇáÃÏÈ ÇáÍßÇÆí Úáì ãÑ ÚÕæÑå ÇáÚÑÈíÉ ÌáÓÇÊ ÇáÞÑíÉ ÇáãÓÇÆíÉ ÇáÊí ßÇäÊ ÊÌãÚ Ãåá ÞÑíÊå Íæá ÑÇæí ÇáÚÕÑ æÞÊÆÐ æåæ ÔÇÚÑ ÇáÑÈÇÈÉ ÇáÐí ßÇä íÞÕ Úáì ãÓÇãÚåã ÓíÑÉ ÚäÊÑÉ Èä ÔÏÇÏ¡ æÓíÑÉ ÓíÝ Èä Ðí íÒä¡ æÇáÃãíÑÉ ÐÇÊ ÇáåãÉ¡ æÃÎÈÇÑ ÓíÑÉ Èäí åáÇá¡ æãÇ ÔÏ æÌÐÈ ÇäÊÈÇå ÇáÕÈí Øå ÍÓíä åæ ÞÏÑ ÇáãåÇÈÉ ÇáÊí ßÇä íÍÙì ÈåÇ ÃæáÆß ÇáÐíä íÛÏæä æíÑæÍæä Åáì ÇáÞÇåÑÉ ááÞÑíÉ ÐåÇÈÇ æÅíÇÈÇð ããÇ ÌÚáå ãÝÊæäÇ ãäÐ ÕÛÑå ÈÚÇáã ÓÍÑí åæ ÇáÞÇåÑÉ. æáÇ Ôß Ãä Êáß ÇáÌáÓÇÊ ÇáËÞÇÝíÉ ÇáÔÚÈíÉ æÇáÍßÇíÇÊ ÇáÊí ÇÓÊãÚ ÅáíåÇ æåæ ÕÛíÑ ÔßáÊ ãáãÍÇ ãåãÇð&nbsp; ÃÕÈÍÊ ÈÚÏ Ðáß ÑÇÝÏÇð ãåãÇð æÎÕÈÇð ãä ÑæÇÝÏ Êßæíä Øå ÍÓíä ÇáÅÈÏÇÚíÉ.æããÇ ÓÇåã Ýí ÎáÞ ÇáÊßæíä ÇáËÞÇÝí áØå ÍÓíä ÍÝÙå ááßËíÑ ãä ÇáÃæÑÇÏ æÇáÃÏÚíÉ ÇáÊí ßÇä íÓãÚåÇ¡ ßÐáß ÇáßËíÑ ãä ÇáÇÈÊåÇáÇÊ ÇáÕæÝíÉ ÇáÊí ßÇäÊ ÊäÔÏ Ýí åÐÇ ÇáÚåÏ.</strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">æãÇ Ãä ÌÇÁ Øå ÍÓíä Åáì ÇáÞÇåÑÉ áíßãá ÊÚáíãå ãÚ ÃÎíå ÇáÃßÈÑ ÃÍãÏ Ýí ÇáÃÒåÑ ÇáÔÑíÝ ÍÊì ÈÏÃÊ ÇáãÑÍáÉ ÇáËÇäíÉ æÇáÃßËÑ ÃåãíÉ Ýí ÍíÇÉ ÇáÚãíÏ æÇáÊí ÃßÓÈÊå ÈÞÏÑ ÇáÌÇäÈ ÇáËÞÇÝí æÇáÚáãí ÎÕÇÆÕ äÝÓíÉ ÃÈÑÒåÇ ÍÈ ÇáÇÓÊØáÇÚ æÇáÝÖæá ÇáÇÓÊßÔÇÝí æÇáÞÏÑÉ Úáì ÊÍãá ÇáãÔÞÉ æÇáÕÚÇÈ¡ æÚáãÊå åÐå ÇáÝÊÑÉ ÇáÚäÇÏ ÈÛíÑ ÝÌæÑ æÇáËæÑÉ ÇáÝßÑíÉ.</strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">æáÇ Ôß Ãä ãÑÍáÉ ÇáÃÒåÑ ÇáÔÑíÝ æãßæËå áÃæá ãÑÉ ÈÇáÞÇåÑÉ ÇáÚÇãÑÉ åí ÇáÊí ÝÌÑÊ ØÇÞÇÊ ÇáËæÑÉ ÇáÐåäíÉ ÚäÏ Øå ÍÓíä¡ æáÚá ÓÑ ÅÚÌÇÈå ÈÇáÔíÎ ÇáãÑÕÝí ãÚáãå ÇáÃæá ÈÇáÃÒåÑ ßÇä ãÝÇÏå Ãäå ÃØáÞ áÍÑíÊå æÍÑíÉ ÒãáÇÆå ÇáäÞÏíÉ ÇáÚäÇä¡ æÝß ÞíæÏ ÇáÑÊÇÈÉ ÇáÊÚáíãíÉ áÏíåã Úä ØÑíÞ ÅËÇÑÉ ÇáÃÓÆáÉ Ãæ ãÇ íÚÑÝ ÇáÂä ÈãÕØáÍ ÇáÚÕÝ ÇáÐåäí æÅãØÇÑ ÇáÏãÇÛ¡ æåí Êáß ÇáãáÇÒãÉ ÇáÚáãíÉ ÇáÊí ÃßÓÈÊ Øå ÍÓíä ÞÏÑÇ ßÈíÑÇ ãä ÇáÌÑÃÉ Ýí ÇáäÞÏ æÇáÍÑíÉ ÇáãØáÞÉ Ýí ÅÈÏÇÁ ÇáÑÃí ÇáÚáãí ÈÛíÑ ÍÑÌ.</strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">æÌÏÇá Øå ÍÓíä ãä ÔíæÎå ÈåÐå ÇáÝÊÑÉ ÃßÓÈÊå ÇáÌÑÃÉ Ýí ÇáÌåÑ ÈÑÃíå ãåãÇ ßÇäÊ ÇáäÊíÌÉ¡ æäãì ãÇ ßÇä ãÑßÈÇ Ýíå ãä ÇÓÊÚÏÇÏ ááÚäÇÏ æÇáÊÍÏí¡ ßãÇ íáæÍ Ýí ÇáÌÒÁ ÇáËÇäí ãä ÇáÃíÇã ãä ãÓÇÌáÇÊ Èíäå æÈíä ÔíæÎå ÈÇáÃÒåÑ ÇáÔÑíÝ æåí ÇáãÓÇÌáÇÊ ÇáÊí ÔßáÊ ÇÊÌÇåå ÇáÝßÑí ÕæÈ ÇáÌÏíÏ æÇáÞÏíã Ýí ÇáØÑÍ ÇáÝßÑí ÇáÚÑÈí.</strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">ÇáÌÇãÚÉ æãÑÍáÉ ÇáÊäæÑ ÇáËÞÇÝí Ýí ÍíÇÉ ÇáÚãíÏ</strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">Ýí ÇáÌÇãÚÉ ÇÎÊáÝÊ ÍíÇÉ Øå ÍÓíä ÇÈä ÇáãäíÇ ÇÎÊáÇÝÇ ßÈíÑÇ¡ ÝÊÚÑÝ Úáì ÚÇáã ãÊÈÇíä ÚãÇ ÔÇåÏå æÚÇíäå ÈÇáÞÑíÉ æÇáÃÒåÑ ÇáÔÑíÝ¡ æÑÈãÇ ÖíÞå ÈÇáÏÑÇÓÉ Ýí ÇáÃÒåÑ åæ ÇáÐí ÏÝÚå Åáì Çáäåá ãä ÑæÇÝÏ ÇáÚáæã ÇáãÏäíÉ æÇáÊí ÈÑÚ ÝíåÇ ÈÞÏÑ ÈÑÇÚÊå æÊãíÒå Ýí ÇáÚáæã ÇáÏíäÉ áÇÓíãÇ ÇáÓíÑÉ æÇáÊÑÇÌã¡ æáÚá ÇÓÊãÇÚå áÏÑæÓ ÇáÍÖÇÑÉ ÇáãÕÑíÉ ÇáÞÏíãÉ¡ æÇáÍÖÇÑÉ ÇáÅÓáÇãíÉ¡ æÃÏÈíÇÊ ÇáÌÛÑÇÝíÇ æÇáÊÇÑíΡ æÝí ÇááÛÇÊ ÇáÓÇãíÉ¡ æÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÝáß ÚäÏ ÇáÚÑÈ¡ Ëã ÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÝáÓÝÉ æÚÕæÑåÇ¡ åæ ÇáÐí ÃßÓÈå ÇáÊäæíÑ ÇáÐí ÕÇÑ ÈÚÏ Ðáß ÚáãÇ ÑÇÆÏÇ áå áÚÞæÏ ØæíáÉ.</strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">æÝí ÇáÌÇãÚÉ ÃÊíÍ áØå ÍÓíä Ãä íÊÚáã Úáì ÃíÏí ÃÓÇÊÐÉ ãÊãíÒíä áåã ãÞÇã ÑÝíÚ Ýí ÇáÚáã æÇáãÚÑÝÉ æåÄáÇÁ ÔßáæÇ ÅØÇÑÇ ÝßÑíÇ æËÞÇÝíÇ ÌÏíÏÇ áØå ÍÓíä ÈÌÇäÈ ÇáËÞÇÝÉ ÇáÊí äåáåÇ ãä ÇáÞÑíÉ Ëã ÇáÃÒåÑ. æãä åÄáÇÁ ÇáÃÓÊÇÐÉ ÃÍãÏ Òßí ÈÇÔÇ¡ æÃÌäÇÓíæ ÌæíÏí¡ æäááíäæ¡ æÓÇäÊáÇäÇ¡ æáæí ßáíãÇä ÇáÐí ÏÑÓ áå ÇáÃÏÈ ÇáÝÑäÓí¡ æßÇä áÞÇÄå ÈÃÓÊÇÐ ÇáÌíá ÃÍãÏ áØÝí ÇáÓíÏ åæ ãÑÍáÉ ÇáÊÍæá ÇáßÈíÑÉ Ýí ÍíÇÉ ÇáÚãíÏ Øå ÍÓíä¡ æÕÇÍÈ ÇáÑíÇÏÉ Ýí ÇäÝÊÇÍå Úáì ËÞÇÝÇÊ ÃÎÑì ÌÏíÏÉ æÈíÆÇÊ ÝßÑíÉ ãÊäæÚÉ.&nbsp;</strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">æÝí ÇáÌÇãÚÉ¡ ßÇä Øå ÍÓíä ÕÇÍÈ Ãæá ÑÓÇáÉ ááÏßÊæÑÇå äÇÞÔåÇ íæã ÇáËáÇËÇÁ ÇáÎÇãÓ ãä ãÇíæ 1914 Úä ÃØÑæÍÉ ÚáãíÉ Ýí ÊÇÑíÎ ÃÈí ÇáÚáÇÁ ÇáãÚÑí¡ æÈÚÏ ãäÇÞÔÉ ÓÇÎäÉ íãßä ÊæÕíÝåÇ ÈÇáãÖØÑÈÉ ÃíÖÇ Êã ãäÍå ÏÑÌÉ ÌíÏ ÌÏÇ Ýí ÇáÑÓÇáÉ æÏÑÌÉ ÝÇÆÞ Ýí ÇáÌÛÑÇÝíÇ æÏÑÌÉ ÝÇÆÞ Ýí ÇáÑæÍ ÇáÏíäíÉ ÚäÏ ÇáÎæÇÑÌ.</strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">Ýí ÝÑäÓÇ.. ÊãíÒ æäÈæÛ:&nbsp;<a href="http://www.civicegypt.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/taha-hussein-.jpg" style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(116, 51, 153); background: transparent;"><img width="300" height="225" class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-56519" src="http://www.civicegypt.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/taha-hussein--300x225.jpg" alt="Øå ÍÓíä" style="border: none; margin: 4px 24px 12px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: inline; float: left; max-width: 100%; height: auto; background: transparent;" /></a></strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">æÈÍÕæá Øå ÍÓíä Úáì ÏÑÌÉ ÇáÏßÊæÑÇå ÊÞÏã ÈØáÈ ÈÛÑÖ ÅíÝÇÏå áÈÚËÉ ááÎÇÑÌ¡ ÚÒãÊ ÇáÌÇãÚÉ ÅÑÓÇáåÇ Åáì ÃæÑæÈÇ¡ áßä ÊÚÐÑ ÇáÓÝÑ ÈÓÈÈ äÔæÈ ÇáÍÑÈ ÇáÚÇáãíÉ ÇáÃæáì¡ Ëã ÓÇÝÑ ÈÚÏ Ðáß Åáì ãæäÈáííå æÇåÊã åäÇß ÈÏÑÇÓÉ ÇááÛÉ ÇáÝÑäÓíÉ æÂÏÇÈåÇ¡ æÍÕá Úáì ÇááíÓÇäÓ Ýí ÇáÂÏÇÈ ãä ÇáÓæÑÈæä ÚÇã 1917¡ æÝí íäÇíÑ ãä ÚÇã 1918 äÇÞÔ ÃØáÇæÍÊå ááÏßÊæÑÇå Úä ÝáÓÝÉ ÇÈä ÎáÏæä ÇáÇÌÊãÇÚíÉ æÍÕá Úáì ãÑÊÈÉ ÇáÔÑÝ ÇáããÊÇÒÉ ãÚ ÊåäÆÉ áÌäÉ ÇáÍßã æÇáãäÇÞÔÉ. æåæ ÇáÃãÑ ÇáÐí ÍÝÒå ááÍÕæá Úáì ÏÈáæã ÇáÏÑÇÓÇÊ ÇáÚáíÇ Ýí ÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÞÇäæä ÇáãÏäí ÇáÑæãÇäí Ýí íæäíæ 1919 ÈÊÞÏíÑ ããÊÇÒ.</strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">Åáì ãÕÑ ÇáÌãíáÉ:</strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">Ëã ÚÇÏ Øå ÍÓíä Åáì ãÕÑ áíÕíÑ ÃÓÊÇÐÇ ááÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÞÏíã¡ æÚíä ÈÚÏ Ðáß ÃÓÊÇÐÇ áÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÃÏÈ ÇáÚÑÈí ÇáÐí äÈÛ Ýíå æÊÝÑÏ æÃÈÏÚ ßÊÈÇ æãÆÇÊ ÇáãÞÇáÇÊ ÇáÕÍÝíÉ Ýí åÐÇ ÇáãíÏÇä¡ áÊÈÏà ÈÐáß ãÑÍáÉ ÌÏíÏÉ ÃÎÑì Ýí ÍíÇÉ ÇáÚãíÏ æåí ãÑÍáÉ ÇáÅäÊÇÌ æÇáÅÈÏÇÚ ÇáÝßÑí æÇáÃÏÈí¡ æÝí åÐå ÇáÝÊÑÉ ÇáÎÕÈÉ ãä ÍíÇÉ Øå ÍÓíä ÇäÎÑØ Ýí ÇáÚãá ÇáÓíÇÓí æßÐáß ÇáÚãá ÇáÇÌÊãÇÚí ÇáÊäãæí ãä ÎáÇá ÅáÞÇÆå ÇáÚÔÑÇÊ ãä ÇáäÏæÇÊ æÇáãÍÇÖÑÇÊ ÎÇÑÌ ÇáÌÇãÚÉ ãËá ÇáÌãÚíÉ ÇáãáßíÉ ÇáÌÛÑÇÝíÉ¡ æÇÓÊØÇÚ Øå ÍÓíä ÝæÑ ÚæÏÊå Ãä íÍÌÒ áäÝÓå ãßÇäÇ æãßÇäÉ Èíä Ãåá ÇáËÞÇÝÉ æÇáãÚÑÝÉ ÈÕæÑÉ ÑÓãíÉ æÛíÑ ÑÓãíÉ¡ ÝáÞÏ ãËá ãÕÑ Ýí ãÄÊãÑ ÇáãÓÊÔÑÞíä ÈÃßÓÝæÑÏ¡ æÂÎÑ Ýí ÝííäÇ¡ æËÇáË Ýí ãÄÊãÑ ÇáÂËÇÑ ÇáÓæÑíÉ Ýí ÈíÑæÊ¡ æÑÇÈÚ Ýí áíÏä¡ æÎÇãÓ Ýí ÇáÇÍÊÝÇá ÇáãÆæí ÇáÑÇÈÚ áßáíÉ Ïí ÝÑÇäÓ¡ æÑÛã åÐå ÇáÝÊÑÉ ÇáÊí ßÇä ØÇÈÚåÇ ÇáÚÇã ÇáÓÝÑ ÇáãÓÊÏÇã ÅáÇ Ãä ÚØÇÁå ÇáÝßÑí áã íÊæÞÝ Ãæ íäÖÈ Èá ÇÓÊØÇÚ Ãä íÄáÝ ÃÈÑÒ æÃåã ßÊÈå Úáì ÇáÅØáÇÞ ãËá ßÊÇÈå ÇáãÔßá Ýí ÇáÔÚÑ ÇáÌÇåáí¡ ÇáÐí áÇ íÒÇá íÍÏË ÕÎÈÇ äÞÇÔíÇ æÌÏÇáÇ æÇÓÚÇ ÍÊì áÍÙÊäÇ ÇáÑÇåäÉ.</strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">Øå ÍÓíä æÊØæíÑ ÇáÊÚáíã ÇáãÕÑí:</strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">ÑÛã Ãä åÐå ÇáÓØæÑ ÇáÞáíáÉ áÇ ÊÝí ÍÌã æãßÇäÉ ÚãíÏ ÇáÃÏÈ ÇáÚÑÈí æãÇ åí ÅáÇ ÅØáÇáÉ ÓÑíÚÉ ÌÏÇ Úáì ÓíÑÉ æãÓíÑÉ åæ ÈØáåÇ¡ ÅáÇ Ãäå ÈÇÊ ãä ÇáÖÑæÑí ÇáÊÃßíÏ Úáì ÇáÏæÑ ÇáÊÚáíãí æÇáÊäæíÑí ÇáÐí áÚÈå Øå ÍÓíä Ýí ÇáãÔåÏ ÇáÊÚáíãí æÇáÐí áÇÒáäÇ äØÈÞ ÃÝßÇÑå æÑÄÇå æÇÌÊåÇÏÇÊå ÇáÊÑÈæíÉ ÍÊì ÇáÂä. ÝßãÇ íÐßÑ ÇáÃÓÊÇÐ ÇáÏßÊæÑ ãÕØÝì ÑÌÈ ÕÇÍÈ ÃÝÖá ßÊÇÈ Úä ÝßÑ Øå ÍÓíä æÇáãÚäæä ÈÝßÑ Øå ÍÓíä ÇáÊÑÈæí Èíä ÇáäÙÑíÉ æÇáÊØÈíÞ¡ Ãä ÝßÑå ÇáÊÑÈæí íãËá ÍáÞÉ ãÊãíÒÉ Ýí ÊØæÑ ÇáÝßÑ ÇáÊÑÈæí Ýí ãÕÑ ÎáÇá ÇáÞÑä ÇáÚÔÑíä ÈÃßãáå.</strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">æíãßääÇ Ãä äÖíÝ ÈÃä Øå ÍÓíä ÈÇÌÊåÇÏÇÊå ÇáÊÑÈæíÉ Ôßá ÈæÕáÉ ÇáÊÚáíã Ýí åÐÇ ÇáæÞÊ æÇáÚÕÑ¡ æáÚá ÈÑÇÚÊå ÇáÃÏÈíÉ åí ÇáÊí ãßäÊå ãä ãÚÇáÌÉ ÇáÞÖÇíÇ ÇáÊÚáíãíÉ ÈÞÏÑ ãä ÇáãÑæäÉ æÇáÊæÝíÞ¡ æÌá åÏÝ Øå ÍÓíä ÇáÊÚáíãí åæ ÇáÊäæíÑ æÊËæíÑ ÇáÚÞæá æÊäÞíÉ ÇáÃÐåÇä ãä ÇáÖáÇáÇÊ ÇáÝßÑíÉ æÇáËÞÇÝíÉ ÇáÊí ßÇäÊ ÓÇÆÏÉ¡ æÓÚì áÃä Êßæä áãÕÑ äåÖÉ ËÞÇÝíÉ ÊãËá ÇáäæÇÉ ááäåÖÉ ÇáÇÞÊÕÇÏíÉ æÇáÓíÇÓíÉ æÇáÇÌÊãÇÚíÉ ÈÚÏ Ðáß. æíãßä ÊÍÏíÏ ÇáÓãÇÊ ÇáÚÇãÉ ááÝßÑ ÇáÊÚáíãí æÇáÊÑÈæí ÇáäåÖí áØå ÍÓíä Ýí ÓãÊíä ÑÆíÓÊíä åãÇ ÇáÏíãæÞÑÇØíÉ¡ æÇáÍÑíÉ.</strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">æáÇÔß Ãä ÞÖíÉ ÇáÏíãæÞÑÇØíÉ ÞÏ ÔÛáÊ ÅäÓÇäÇ ßØå ÍÓíä ÝÊäÇæáåÇ Ýí ßËíÑ ãä ßÊÇÈÊå æÌÚáåÇ ãäåÌÇ äÞÏíÇ íãßä ÊäÇæá ÇáÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÅÓáÇãí Ýí ÖæÆå¡ æåæ ÇáãäåÌ ÇáÐí ÇÊÈÚå Ýí ßÊÈå ÇáÝÊäÉ ÇáßÈÑì ÈÌÒÆíåÇ æÇáÔíÎÇä¡ æÑÛã Ãä ÇáÏíãæÞÑÇØíÉ Ýí ÃÓÇÓåÇ ÊÖãíä ÓíÇÓí ÅáÇ Ãä Øå ÍÓíä ÇÓÊØÇÚ Ãä íÓÊÛá åÐÇ ÇáãäÍì Ýí ÓíÇÞå ÇáÊÚáíãí ÇáÃãÑ ÇáÐí ÌÚáå íÚáä ÔÚÇÑå ÇáÎÇáÏ ÈÃä ÇáÊÚáíã ßÇáãÇÁ æÇáåæÇÁ æÃäå ÍÞ áßá ÅäÓÇä. æÑÛã ãäÇÏÇÊå ÈÐáß ÅáÇ Ãäå æÇÌå ÍÑÈÇ ÔÑÓÉ ÔäåÇ Úáíå ÑÌÇá ÇáÊÚáíã ÂäÐÇß.</strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">æáíÓ ÈÛÑíÈ Úáì ÔÎÕ ßØå ÍÓíä Ãä íäÇÏí ÈãÈÏà ÇáÍÑíÉ æåæ ÇáØÝá ÇáãÍÑæã ãä ÇáÊÏáíá æÇáÑÝÇåíÉ¡ æÇáØÇáÈ ÇáÚÇÌÒ ÇáãÞåæÑ ÈÇáÃÒåÑ¡ æÍÈíÓ ÇáËÞÇÝÉ ÇáÚÑÈíÉ ÈÇáÞÇÑÉ ÇáÃæÑæÈíÉ¡ ÝÃÎÐ Úáì ÚÇÊÞå ÇáãäÇÏÇÉ ÇáãÓÊÏÇãÉ ÈÇáÍÑíÉ ÇáÊÚáíãíÉ æÅÊÇÍÉ ÇáÝÑÕ ÇáÊÚáíãíÉ ÇáãÎÊáÝÉ áÃÈäÇÁ ÇáÔÚÈ ÇáãÕÑí ÈÞÕÏ ÇáÊäæíÑ. æÊáß ÇáÍÑíÉ ÇáÝßÑíÉ åí ÇáÊí ÏÝÚÊå Úáì ÇáãÓÊæì ÇáÔÎÕí áíäåá ãä ßá ÑæÇÝÏ ÇáËÞÇÝÉ æÊíÇÑÇÊåÇ ÇáãÊÈÇíäÉ ÈÛíÑ ÎÌá æíÞæá Ýí Ðáß ÈÅä ÇáÍÑíÉ áÇ ÊÓÊÞíã ãÚ ÇáÌåá æÇáÊÚáíã ÃÕÈÍ ÖÑæÑÉ áÇ ÑÝÇåíÉ¡ æíßÝí Ãä äÞæá ÈÅä ÇáÊÚáíã ÇáÌÇãÚí ÞÏ áÞí Úáì íÏí ÇáÚãíÏ ÇáäÇÈÛÉ ßËíÑÇ ãä ÇáÊØæíÑ æÇáÊäÙíã ÇáÐí ßÇä íåÏÝ áÊÍÞíÞ ãÒíÏ ãä ÇáÍÑíÉ æÇáÇÓÊÞáÇá.</strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">Ï.ÈáíÛ ÍãÏí ÅÓãÇÚíá</strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">ãÏÑÓ ÇáãäÇåÌ æØÑÞ ÊÏÑíÓ ÇááÛÉ ÇáÚÑÈíÉ</strong></p> <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 24px; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; direction: rtl; background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><strong style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-weight: bold; background: transparent;">ßáíÉ ÇáÊÑÈíÉ Ü ÌÇãÚÉ ÇáãäíÇ</strong></p>